At MedSpartans, we understand the critical role CT scanners play in accurate diagnosis and patient care. But navigating the vast array of scanner options can be overwhelming for even the most seasoned healthcare professionals.
Stop the endless internet searches! This comprehensive guide will equip you with the knowledge to confidently choose the perfect CT scanner for your needs. We’ll delve into the different types based on:
- Number of slices: Single-slice vs. multi-slice for optimal image detail.
- Scanning method: Sequential, helical, and spiral for efficient scan times.
- X-ray source: Conventional vs. dual-energy for advanced imaging capabilities.
- Generation: 1st to 6th for cutting-edge technology and performance.
- Portability: Stationary, mobile, and point-of-care for versatility in various clinical settings.
We’ll explain what each CT scanner excels at, from adeptly visualizing specific body parts to pinpointing intricate health issues. Empower yourself with the knowledge to make informed decisions for superior patient care.
Read on and discover the perfect CT scanner for your healthcare practice!
How many types of CT scanners are there?
There are two types of CT scanners, depending on the number of slices. They are:
Single-slice CT scanners: These scanners use one X-ray tube and detector to capture images one slice at a time. This is the oldest type of CT scanner. It uses a single X-ray tube and detector to acquire images one slice at a time.
They cost less but are slower and produce lower-quality images.
Multi-slice CT scanners: Wonder, which type of CT scanner is used currently? Well, these scanners are the ones. They employ multiple X-ray tubes and detectors to capture images of several slices at once. It is also called Multi-detector CT scanners.
Types of CT scanners according to Scanning method
According to the Scanning method, CT scanners are four types. They are:
- Sequential CT: This is the older type of CT scanner. It takes images one slice at a time, with the patient having to remain still in between each slice. This type of scanner is not as commonly used anymore due to its slow speed and the need for the patient to remain still.
- Helical CT: This type of CT scanner rotates around the patient while the table moves slowly through the gantry. This allows for continuous scanning, which is faster than sequential CT and also reduces the need for the patient to remain still. Helical CT is the most common type of CT scanner used today.
- Spiral CT: This is a type of helical CT scanner that uses a continuous spiral motion of the gantry. This allows for even faster scanning and is often used for cardiac imaging. (It looks the same as the Helical CT scanner)
Types Of CT depending on number of X-ray Source
There are two main types of CT scanners depending on the X-ray energy source they use:
Conventional CT scanners
These utilize a single X-ray source and detector for image capture. The X-ray tube typically operates at a voltage between 100 to 150 kV, generating a spectrum of X-ray energies.
This setup provides solid image contrast between distinct tissues but also leads to a higher radiation exposure to the patient.
Dual-energy CT scanners
These scanners employ either two X-ray sources and detectors or a single X-ray source paired with a dual-energy filter to capture images at two distinct X-ray energy levels. This approach enhances differentiation among tissues with similar X-ray absorption qualities, such as differentiating soft tissue and bone.
Moreover, it’s possible to quantify the presence of iodine in the body, particularly valuable for kidney and organ imaging with it. Dual-energy CT scanners generally keep radiation doses lower compared to conventional ones.
Pro Tip: Conventional CT scanners are typically used for general diagnostic imaging, while dual-energy CT scanners are often used for cardiac imaging and imaging of the kidneys.
Beyond these main categories, several other CT scanners utilize varying X-ray energy levels:
Low-Dose CT Scanners: Utilizing lower X-ray voltages than standard CT scanners, these minimize patient radiation exposure. It operates usually at 80 and 120 kV. However, there might be a trade-off in image quality. Low-dose CT scanners may be used for imaging children or pregnant women.
High-Resolution CT Scanners: These scanners operate with higher X-ray voltages compared to standard models (120kV+), allowing for finer image resolution. Yet, this might result in higher radiation doses. High-resolution CT scanners may be used for imaging small structures, such as the brain or the coronary arteries.
Spectral CT Scanners: Employing a single X-ray source and detector with a specialized energy-measuring detector, these scanners offer even finer tissue differentiation based on X-ray absorption properties.
Spectral CT scanners are still under development, but they have the potential to improve the accuracy and diagnostic capabilities of CT imaging.
Types Of CT Scanners Based On Generations
Depending on which generation the CT scanner is, you can classify them as well. Here’s a list based on the generations of CT scanners:
| Generation | X-ray tubes | Detectors | Scanning motion | Resolution | Speed |
| 1st | 1 | 1 | Translate-rotate | Low | Slow |
| 2nd | Multiple | Multiple | Translate-rotate | Improved | Faster |
| 3rd | Rotating | Stationary | Rotate-rotate | Further improved | Faster |
| 4th | Rotating | Stationary | Helical | Even faster | Improved contrast resolution |
| 5th | Multiple | Multiple | Helical | Even faster | Even better image quality |
| 6th | Multiple | Multiple | Helical | Even faster | Better differentiation of tissues |
First generation (1971)
The pioneer in CT technology, this scanner employed a rotate/translate mechanism, using a pencil beam. It featured two X-ray detectors, taking around 4.5 minutes for a scan with 180 projections at 1° intervals. While effectively reducing scatter, it suffered from slow acquisition and reconstruction times.
Specs of it:
- Introduction: CT scanners were first introduced in 1971 by Sir Godfrey Hounsfield.
- Detectors: One detector was used.
- Beam Type: Pencil-like x-ray beam.
- Tube-Detector Movements: Translate-rotate motion.
- Number of Slices per Rotation: 1.
- Duration of Scan: Average of 25-30 minutes.
- Notable Feature: This was the initial prototype, often referred to as “CT Bench Top.”
Second generation (1974)
This iteration continued with rotate/translate motion but introduced a narrower 10° beam. A linear array of 30 detectors improved image quality and scan time, reaching 18 seconds per slice. However, the narrower beam led to heightened scattered radiation concerns.
Specs of it:
- Detectors: Multiple detectors (up to 30) were used.
- Beam Type: Fan-shaped x-ray beam.
- Tube-Detector Movements: Translate-rotate motion.
- Number of Slices per Rotation: 1.
- Duration of Scan: Less than 90 seconds.
- Notable Feature: Improved scanning speed compared to the first generation.
Third generation (1975)
With an increase in the number of detectors, often exceeding 1000, arranged in an arc, these scanners adopted a rotate-rotate motion. This generation marked the introduction of helical (“spiral”) image acquisition through Slip-ring technology, allowing for faster, more detailed scans.
Specs of it:
- Detectors: Originally around 288 detectors; newer models use over 1000 arranged in an arc.
- Beam Type: Fan-shaped x-ray beam.
- Tube-Detector Movements: Rotate-rotate motion.
- New Concepts: Helical (“spiral”) image acquisition, Dual energy CT scanning.
- Number of Slices per Rotation: Multiple due to parallel detectors, capable of covering an entire organ in a single rotation.
- Duration of Scan: Approximately 5 seconds.
- Notable Feature: Introduced helical imaging and advanced detector arrays.
Fourth generation (1976)
With more than 2000 fixed detectors forming an outer ring, fourth-gen scanners achieved 2+ slices per rotation via rotate-fixed motion, reducing scan times to a few seconds.
Specs of it:
- Detectors: Multiple detectors (more than 2000) arranged in a fixed outer ring (360 degrees).
- Beam Type: Fan-shaped x-ray beam.
- Tube-Detector Movements: Rotate-fixed motion.
- Number of Slices per Rotation: 2 or more due to parallel detector array.
- Duration of Scan: Few seconds.
- Notable Feature: Improved image quality and reduced scan time.
Fifth generation (1980s)
The latest leap utilized over 2000 detectors in a fixed 180-degree arrangement. Magnetic steering and fixed-fixed tube-detector motion enabled rapid scans, ideal for cardiac imaging.
Specs of it:
- Detectors: Multiple detectors (more than 2000) arranged in a fixed outer 1/2 ring (180 degrees).
- Beam Type: Scanning x-ray tube with magnetic steering.
- Tube-Detector Movements: Fixed-fixed motion, both x-ray source and detector are stationary.
- Number of Slices per Rotation: 2 or more due to parallel detector array.
- Duration of Scan: Few seconds.
- Notable Feature: Magnetic steering for faster acquisitions, suitable for cardiac scanning with high temporal resolution.
Sixth generation (2000s onwards) (Not a true generation)
Some people may refer to the 6th generation of CT scanners as helical CT scanners or spiral CT scanners. However, Helical CT scanners are a type of 5th generation CT scanner that uses a continuous rotating X-ray tube and detector array.
It uses a variety of advanced technologies to achieve even faster scan times (1-2 seconds) and improved image quality. And this is why your CT images take less time to capture, and are far better than the 1990’s.
The 6th gen CT technologies include:
- Dual-energy scanning
- Cone-beam CT
- Iterative reconstruction
- Artificial intelligence
The different generations of CT scanners are not mutually exclusive. In fact, many modern CT scanners incorporate features from multiple generations. For example, a sixth-generation CT scanner might use a rotating X-ray tube, multiple rows of detectors, and iterative reconstruction.
If you want to know more, go to this link over here.
And here is a Lecture Sheet from the uomus.edu.iq.
Types Of CT Scanners: Comparison Chart
Here’s a comparison chart for the types of CT scanners:
| CT Scanner Type | Generation | Number of Slices | Scanning Method | X-ray Energy |
| Single-slice CT scanner | 1st generation | 1 slice | Sequential | Single energy |
| Multi-slice CT scanner | 2nd generation | Multiple slices | Sequential | Single energy |
| Spiral CT scanner | 3rd generation | Multiple slices | Spiral | Single energy |
| Helical CT scanner | 4th generation | Multiple slices | Helical | Single energy |
| Dual-energy CT scanner | 5th generation | Multiple slices | Sequential or spiral | Dual energy |
| PET-CT scanner | 6th generation | Multiple slices | Sequential or spiral | Single energy |
Types Of CT Scanners Based On Portability
Based on portability, CT scanners are of three types. They are:
Stationary CT Scanners
Predominant in hospitals and imaging centers, these sizable fixed scanners generate high-quality whole-body images, serving diverse medical diagnoses with precision.
Portable CT scanners (Mobile CT Scanners)
More maneuverable than their stationary counterparts, portable CT scanners offer flexibility across settings like emergency and operating rooms. While suitable for various diagnoses, they prove especially beneficial for imaging patients unable to access fixed scanners.
Point-of-care CT scanners (Bedside CT Scanners)
Compact and highly mobile, these scanners are designed for on-the-spot use, right beside the patient’s bed. Primarily employed for emergency imaging and swift diagnosis, they sacrifice some power for prompt, valuable insights.
List Of Some CT Machines Depending on Budget
We unpacked top picks for every budget. But there’s a lot more. There are also some non-brand options you can try if you need something more unique. Contact MedSpartans to optimizes your medical equipment hunt. Here’s the list:
Low Budget
- NeuViz Classic – Shimadzu
- Offers a good balance of performance and affordability.
- Ideal for small to medium-sized facilities with moderate scan volume.
- Features a 16-slice detector and can acquire images at a fast scan speed.
- Revolution EVO – GE Healthcare
- Reconditioned scanner option but still delivers high-quality images.
- 16-slice scanner that’s known for its reliability and ease of use.
- A cost-effective option for facilities looking for a basic CT scanner.
- BrightSpeed Elite – Philips
- User-friendly interface with intuitive controls.
- 16-slice scanner that’s well-suited for routine imaging tasks.
- Offers a balance of image quality, scan speed, and affordability.
- Acuity Prime – Canon Medical Systems
- Compact design that makes it ideal for facilities with limited space.
- 16-slice scanner that delivers good image quality at a competitive price point.
- A good option for smaller clinics or imaging centers.
- Somatom Scope – Siemens Healthineers
- Offers a wide range of features at an attractive price point.
- 16-slice scanner that’s well-suited for various clinical applications.
- A versatile option for facilities looking for a good value scanner.
Mid Budget
- Ingenuity CT – Philips
- Offers a wide range of features and capabilities at a competitive price point.
- 32-slice scanner that’s well-suited for a variety of clinical applications.
- Provides excellent image quality and fast scan times.
- Somatom Go.Fit – Siemens Healthineers
- A versatile scanner that can be used for a variety of imaging tasks.
- 16-slice scanner that offers good image quality and a comfortable patient experience.
- Relatively affordable option for mid-sized facilities.
- Discovery MI DR – GE Healthcare
- A mid-range scanner that offers a good balance of performance and value.
- 32-slice scanner that’s well-suited for a variety of clinical applications.
- Provides excellent image quality and fast scan times.
- Revolution Acts – GE Healthcare
- Offers advanced features such as iterative reconstruction and metal artifact reduction.
- 64-slice scanner that’s well-suited for complex imaging tasks.
- A good option for facilities that need a high-performance mid-range scanner.
- Airscan – Canon Medical Systems
- A mid-range scanner that offers excellent image quality and fast scan times.
- 64-slice scanner that’s well-suited for a variety of clinical applications.
- A good option for facilities that need a balance of performance and affordability.
High Budget
- Revolution Apex – GE Healthcare
- A high-performance scanner that delivers exceptional image quality.
- Features advanced technologies such as deep learning reconstruction and photon-counting detectors.
- Ideal for large, high-volume facilities that need the most advanced CT capabilities.
- Aquilion One Vision – Canon Medical Systems
- Cutting-edge scanner that offers a unique combination of speed, image quality, and dose reduction.
- Features a powerful gantry and advanced iterative reconstruction techniques.
- A top-of-the-line option for facilities that demand the best possible CT performance.
- Somatom Force – Siemens Healthineers
- A high-end scanner that offers exceptional image quality and advanced features.
- Dual-source scanner that’s well-suited for complex imaging tasks such as cardiac imaging.
- Ideal for large, high-volume facilities
What is the most common generation of CT scanners?
The 4th generation CT scanners, prevalent from the 1980s, feature a rotating X-ray tube and a stationary detector ring. They provide rapid imaging but are largely replaced by newer generations.
What is the most modern CT scanner?
The most modern CT scanner is Toshiba’s Aquilion ONE (introduced in 2018). It boasts 640 slices, yielding rapid and detailed cross-sectional imaging. It employs photon counting technology for precise X-ray data collection, enhancing image quality, especially for low-contrast areas.
What is the most popular type of CT scanner?
The most popular type of CT scanner is the multi-slice type, capturing images faster with multiple detector rows than single-slice scanners. 64-slice models are standard, while 128-slice scanners offer higher resolution. Other types include single-slice, dual-energy, helical, and angio scanners, chosen based on clinical requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is PET CT scanner same as CT scanner?
No. PET CT scanner is not the same as a regular CT scanner. A PET CT scanner merges positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). PET scans track tissue function using radioactive tracers, while CT uses X-rays for organ images.
What does PET-CT scanner look like?
A PET-CT scanner resembles a donut-shaped machine with a rotating gantry. It combines positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) scans, allowing visualization of tissue function and detailed anatomy in a single device.
What is fifth generation CT scanner?
A fifth-generation CT scanner employs stationary x-ray components and a magnetically steered x-ray tube, enabling rapid acquisitions with a temporal resolution as low as 17 milliseconds. Primarily suitable for cardiac imaging, its usage remains niche compared to third-generation CT scanners due to coverage limitations.
What is the 6th generation of CT scanner?
The term “6th generation” may refer to helical or spiral CT scanners, a subtype of 5th generation, enabling extended body imaging.
End Note
In summary, comprehending the array of CT scanners is vital for patients and medical experts. Divided by slice count into single-slice and multi-slice, scanners offer distinct advantages.
Spiral, helical, dual-energy, and PET-CT cater to diverse scanning techniques. X-ray energy divergence yields conventional and dual-energy CTs, the latter enhancing tissue differentiation and minimizing radiation.
Advancing generations, from basic to AI-equipped 6th gen models, continually elevate imaging, benefiting diagnostics and patient care.